Question # 1 A Generative AI Engineer is developing an LLM application that users can use to generate personalized birthday poems based on their names. Which technique would be most effective in safeguarding the application, given the potential for malicious user inputs? A. Implement a safety filter that detects any harmful inputs and ask the LLM to respond that it is unable to assistB. Reduce the time that the users can interact with the LLMC. Ask the LLM to remind the user that the input is malicious but continue the conversation with the userD. Increase the amount of compute that powers the LLM to process input faster
Click for Answer
A. Implement a safety filter that detects any harmful inputs and ask the LLM to respond that it is unable to assist
Answer Description Explanation:
In this case, the Generative AI Engineer is developing an application to generate personalized birthday poems, but there’s a need to safeguard againstmalicious user inputs. The best solution is to implement asafety filter(option A) to detect harmful or inappropriate inputs.
Safety Filter Implementation: Safety filters are essential for screening user input and preventing inappropriate content from being processed by the LLM. These filters can scan inputs for harmful language, offensive terms, or malicious content and intervene before the prompt is passed to the LLM.
Graceful Handling of Harmful Inputs: Once the safety filter detects harmful content, the system can provide a message to the user, such as "I'm unable to assist with this request," instead of processing or responding to malicious input. This protects the system from generating harmful content and ensures a controlled interaction environment.
Why Other Options Are Less Suitable:
B (Reduce Interaction Time): Reducing the interaction time won’t prevent malicious inputs from being entered.
C (Continue the Conversation): While it’s possible to acknowledge malicious input, it is not safe to continue the conversation with harmful content. This could lead to legal or reputational risks.
D (Increase Compute Power): Adding more compute doesn’t address the issue of harmful content and would only speed up processing without resolving safety concerns.
Therefore, implementing asafety filterthat blocks harmful inputs is the most effective technique for safeguarding the application.
Question # 2 A Generative AI Engineer has a provisioned throughput model serving endpoint as part of a RAG application and would like to monitor the serving endpoint’s incoming requests and outgoing responses. The current approach is to include a micro-service in between the endpoint and the user interface to write logs to a remote server. Which Databricks feature should they use instead which will perform the same task? A. Vector SearchB. LakeviewC. DBSQLD. Inference Tables
Click for Answer
D. Inference Tables
Answer Description Explanation: Problem Context: The goal is to monitor theserving endpointfor incoming requests and outgoing responses in aprovisioned throughput model serving endpointwithin aRetrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) application. The current approach involves using a microservice to log requests and responses to a remote server, but the Generative AI Engineer is looking for a more streamlined solution within Databricks.
Explanation of Options:
Option A: Vector Search: This feature is used to perform similarity searches within vector databases. It doesn’t provide functionality for logging or monitoring requests and responses in a serving endpoint, so it’s not applicable here.
Option B: Lakeview: Lakeview is not a feature relevant to monitoring or logging request-response cycles for serving endpoints. It might be more related to viewing data in Databricks Lakehouse but doesn’t fulfill the specific monitoring requirement.
Option C: DBSQL: Databricks SQL (DBSQL) is used for running SQL queries on data stored in Databricks, primarily for analytics purposes. It doesn’t provide the direct functionality needed to monitor requests and responses in real-time for an inference endpoint.
Option D: Inference Tables: This is the correct answer.Inference Tablesin Databricks are designed to store the results and metadata of inference runs. This allows the system to logincoming requests and outgoing responsesdirectly within Databricks, making it an ideal choice for monitoring the behavior of a provisioned serving endpoint. Inference Tables can be queried and analyzed, enabling easier monitoring and debugging compared to a custom microservice.
Thus,Inference Tablesare the optimal feature for monitoring request and response logs within the Databricks infrastructure for a model serving endpoint.
Question # 3 A Generative AI Engineer developed an LLM application using the provisioned throughput Foundation Model API. Now that the application is ready to be deployed, they realize their volume of requests are not sufficiently high enough to create their own provisioned throughput endpoint. They want to choose a strategy that ensures the best cost-effectiveness for their application. What strategy should the Generative AI Engineer use? A. Switch to using External Models insteadB. Deploy the model using pay-per-token throughput as it comes with cost guaranteesC. Change to a model with a fewer number of parameters in order to reduce hardware constraint issuesD. Throttle the incoming batch of requests manually to avoid rate limiting issues
Click for Answer
B. Deploy the model using pay-per-token throughput as it comes with cost guarantees
Answer Description Explanation:
Problem Context: The engineer needs a cost-effective deployment strategy for an LLM application with relatively low request volume.
Explanation of Options:
Option A: Switching to external models may not provide the required control or integration necessary for specific application needs.
Option B: Using a pay-per-token model is cost-effective, especially for applications with variable or low request volumes, as it aligns costs directly with usage.
Option C: Changing to a model with fewer parameters could reduce costs, but might also impact the performance and capabilities of the application.
Option D: Manually throttling requests is a less efficient and potentially error-prone strategy for managing costs.
OptionBis ideal, offering flexibility and cost control, aligning expenses directly with the application's usage patterns.
Question # 4 Generative AI Engineer at an electronics company just deployed a RAG application for customers to ask questions about products that the company carries. However, they received feedback that the RAG response often returns information about an irrelevant product. What can the engineer do to improve the relevance of the RAG’s response? A. Assess the quality of the retrieved contextB. Implement caching for frequently asked questionsC. Use a different LLM to improve the generated responseD. Use a different semantic similarity search algorithm
Click for Answer
A. Assess the quality of the retrieved context
Answer Description Explanation:
In a Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) system, the key to providing relevant responses lies in the quality of the retrieved context. Here’s why option A is the most appropriate solution:
Context Relevance: The RAG model generates answers based on retrieved documents or context. If the retrieved information is about an irrelevant product, it suggests that the retrieval step is failing to select the right context. The Generative AI Engineer must first assess the quality of what is being retrieved and ensure it is pertinent to the query.
Vector Search and Embedding Similarity: RAG typically uses vector search for retrieval, where embeddings of the query are matched against embeddings of product descriptions. Assessing thesemantic similarity searchprocess ensures that the closest matches are actually relevant to the query.
Fine-tuning the Retrieval Process: By improving theretrieval quality, such as tuning the embeddings or adjusting the retrieval strategy, the system can return more accurate and relevant product information.
Why Other Options Are Less Suitable:
B (Caching FAQs): Caching can speed up responses for frequently asked questions but won’t improve the relevance of the retrieved content for less frequent or new queries.
C (Use a Different LLM): Changing the LLM only affects the generation step, not the retrieval process, which is the core issue here.
D (Different Semantic Search Algorithm): This could help, but the first step is to evaluate the current retrieval context before replacing the search algorithm.
Therefore, improving and assessing the quality of the retrieved context (option A) is the first step to fixing the issue of irrelevant product information.
Question # 5 A Generative AI Engineer has created a RAG application which can help employees retrieve answers from an internal knowledge base, such as Confluence pages or Google Drive. The prototype application is now working with some positive feedback from internal company testers. Now the Generative Al Engineer wants to formally evaluate the system’s performance and understand where to focus their efforts to further improve the system. How should the Generative AI Engineer evaluate the system? A. Use cosine similarity score to comprehensively evaluate the quality of the final generated answers.B. Curate a dataset that can test the retrieval and generation components of the system separately. Use MLflow’s built in evaluation metrics to perform the evaluation on the retrieval and generation components.C. Benchmark multiple LLMs with the same data and pick the best LLM for the job.D. Use an LLM-as-a-judge to evaluate the quality of the final answers generated.
Click for Answer
B. Curate a dataset that can test the retrieval and generation components of the system separately. Use MLflow’s built in evaluation metrics to perform the evaluation on the retrieval and generation components.
Answer Description Explanation:
Problem Context: After receiving positive feedback for the RAG application prototype, the next step is to formally evaluate the system to pinpoint areas for improvement.
Explanation of Options:
Option A: While cosine similarity scores are useful, they primarily measure similarity rather than the overall performance of an RAG system.
Option B: This option provides a systematic approach to evaluation by testing both retrieval and generation components separately. This allows for targeted improvements and a clear understanding of each component's performance, using MLflow’s metrics for a structured and standardized assessment.
Option C: Benchmarking multiple LLMs does not focus on evaluating the existing system’s components but rather on comparing different models.
Option D: Using an LLM as a judge is subjective and less reliable for systematic performance evaluation.
OptionBis the most comprehensive and structured approach, facilitating precise evaluations and improvements on specific components of the RAG system.
Question # 6 A Generative AI Engineer has been asked to build an LLM-based question-answering application. The application should take into account new documents that are frequently published. The engineer wants to build this application with the least cost and least development effort and have it operate at the lowest cost possible. Which combination of chaining components and configuration meets these requirements? A. For the application a prompt, a retriever, and an LLM are required. The retriever output is inserted into the prompt which is given to the LLM to generate answers.B. The LLM needs to be frequently with the new documents in order to provide most up-to-date answers.C. For the question-answering application, prompt engineering and an LLM are required to generate answers.D. For the application a prompt, an agent and a fine-tuned LLM are required. The agent is used by the LLM to retrieve relevant content that is inserted into the prompt which is given to the LLM to generate answers.
Click for Answer
A. For the application a prompt, a retriever, and an LLM are required. The retriever output is inserted into the prompt which is given to the LLM to generate answers.
Answer Description Explanation:
Problem Context: The task is to build an LLM-based question-answering application that integrates new documents frequently with minimal costs and development efforts.
Explanation of Options:
Option A: Utilizes a prompt and a retriever, with the retriever output being fed into the LLM. This setup is efficient because it dynamically updates the data pool via the retriever, allowing the LLM to provide up-to-date answers based on the latest documents without needing tofrequently retrain the model. This method offers a balance of cost-effectiveness and functionality.
Option B: Requires frequent retraining of the LLM, which is costly and labor-intensive.
Option C: Only involves prompt engineering and an LLM, which may not adequately handle the requirement for incorporating new documents unless it’s part of an ongoing retraining or updating mechanism, which would increase costs.
Option D: Involves an agent and a fine-tuned LLM, which could be overkill and lead to higher development and operational costs.
Option Ais the most suitable as it provides a cost-effective, minimal development approach while ensuring the application remains up-to-date with new information.
Question # 7 When developing an LLM application, it’s crucial to ensure that the data used for training the model complies with licensing requirements to avoid legal risks. Which action is NOT appropriate to avoid legal risks? A. Reach out to the data curators directly before you have started using the trained model to let them know.B. Use any available data you personally created which is completely original and you can decide what license to use.C. Only use data explicitly labeled with an open license and ensure the license terms are followed.D. Reach out to the data curators directly after you have started using the trained model to let them know.
Click for Answer
D. Reach out to the data curators directly after you have started using the trained model to let them know.
Answer Description Explanation:
Problem Context: When using data to train a model, it’s essential to ensure compliance with licensing to avoid legal risks. Legal issues can arise from using data without permission, especially when it comes from third-party sources.
Explanation of Options:
Option A: Reaching out to data curatorsbeforeusing the data is an appropriate action. This allows you to ensure you have permission or understand the licensing terms before starting to use the data in your model.
Option B: Usingoriginal datathat you personally created is always a safe option. Since you have full ownership over the data, there are no legal risks, as you control the licensing.
Option C: Using data that is explicitly labeled with an open license and adhering to the license terms is a correct and recommended approach. This ensures compliance with legal requirements.
Option D: Reaching out to the data curatorsafteryou have already started using the trained model isnot appropriate. If you’ve already used the data without understanding its licensing terms, you may have already violated the terms of use, which could lead to legal complications. It’s essential to clarify the licensing termsbeforeusing the data, not after.
Thus,Option Dis not appropriate because it could expose you to legal risks by using the data without first obtaining the proper licensing permissions.
Question # 8 A Generative AI Engineer just deployed an LLM application at a digital marketing company that assists with answering customer service inquiries. Which metric should they monitor for their customer service LLM application in production? A. Number of customer inquiries processed per unit of timeB. Energy usage per queryC. Final perplexity scores for the training of the modelD. HuggingFace Leaderboard values for the base LLM
Click for Answer
A. Number of customer inquiries processed per unit of time
Answer Description Explanation:
When deploying an LLM application for customer service inquiries, the primary focus is on measuring the operational efficiency and quality of the responses. Here's whyAis the correct metric:
Number of customer inquiries processed per unit of time: This metric tracks the throughput of the customer service system, reflecting how many customer inquiries the LLM application can handle in a given time period (e.g., per minute or hour). High throughput is crucial in customer service applications where quick response times are essential to user satisfaction and business efficiency.
Real-time performance monitoring: Monitoring the number of queries processed is an important part of ensuring that the model is performing well under load, especially during peak traffic times. It also helps ensure the system scales properly to meet demand.
Why other options are not ideal:
B. Energy usage per query: While energy efficiency is a consideration, it is not the primary concern for a customer-facing application where user experience (i.e., fast and accurate responses) is critical.
C. Final perplexity scores for the training of the model: Perplexity is a metric for model training, but it doesn't reflect the real-time operational performance of an LLM in production.
D. HuggingFace Leaderboard values for the base LLM: The HuggingFace Leaderboard is more relevant during model selection and benchmarking. However, it is not a direct measure of the model's performance in a specific customer service application in production.
Focusing on throughput (inquiries processed per unit time) ensures that the LLM application is meeting business needs for fast and efficient customer service responses.
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