A. curl <url>?param=http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/

Answer Description

C. Configure a port mirror and review the network traffic.

C. Conditionally stage and execute a remote script.

A. schtasks.exe
E. sc.exe

Answer DescriptionExplanation: To reenter the system remotely after the patch for the recently exploited RCE vulnerability has been deployed, the penetration tester can use schtasks.exe and sc.exe.
Explanation:
schtasks.exe:
Purpose: Used to create, delete, and manage scheduled tasks on Windows systems.
Persistence: By creating a scheduled task, the tester can ensure a script or program runs at a specified time, providing a persistent backdoor.
Example:
schtasks /create /tn "Backdoor" /tr "C:\path\to\backdoor.exe" /sc daily /ru SYSTEMsc.exe:
Purpose: Service Control Manager command-line tool used to manage Windows services.
Persistence: By creating or modifying a service to run a malicious executable, the tester can maintain persistent access.
Example:
sc create backdoor binPath= "C:\path\to\backdoor.exe" start= auto
Other Utilities:
rundll.exe: Used to run DLLs as applications, not typically used for persistence.
cmd.exe: General command prompt, not specifically used for creating persistence mechanisms.
chgusr.exe: Used to change install mode for Remote Desktop Session Host, not relevant for persistence.
netsh.exe: Used for network configuration, not typically used for persistence.
Pentest References:
Post-Exploitation: Establishing persistence is crucial to maintaining access after initial exploitation.
Windows Tools: Understanding how to leverage built-in Windows tools like schtasks.exe and sc.exe to create backdoors that persist through reboots and patches.
By using schtasks.exe and sc.exe, the penetration tester can set up persistent mechanisms that will allow reentry into the system even after the patch is applied.
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C. Unauthenticated

Answer DescriptionExplanation: To see any vulnerabilities that may be visible from outside of the organization, the penetration tester should perform an unauthenticated scan.
Explanation:
Unauthenticated Scan:
Definition: An unauthenticated scan is conducted without providing any credentials to the scanning tool. It simulates the perspective of an external attacker who does not have any prior access to the system.
Purpose: Identifies vulnerabilities that are exposed to the public and can be exploited without authentication. This includes open ports, outdated software, and misconfigurations visible to the outside world.
Comparison with Other Scans:
SAST (Static Application Security Testing): Analyzes source code for vulnerabilities, typically used during the development phase and not suitable for external vulnerability scanning.
Sidecar: This term is generally associated with microservices architecture and is not relevant to the context of vulnerability scanning.
Host-based: Involves scanning from within the network and often requires authenticated access to the host to identify vulnerabilities. It is not suitable for determining external vulnerabilities.
Pentest References:
External Vulnerability Assessment: Conducting unauthenticated scans helps identify the attack surface exposed to external threats and prioritizes vulnerabilities that are accessible from the internet.
Tools: Common tools for unauthenticated scanning include Nessus, OpenVAS, and Nmap.
By performing an unauthenticated scan, the penetration tester can identify vulnerabilities that an external attacker could exploit without needing any credentials or internal access.
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A. DAST

A. Clear the Windows event logs.

A. Browser Exploitation Framework